The question as to whether or not there were human beings on the earth prior to the time of Adam in the Garden of Eden, has been argued pro and con through long centuries of time, but all too often these arguments have been between proponents of radically different schools of thought, who have usually been more concerned about proving the truth of their own viewpoints in the matter rather than carefully analysing the evidence to discover the truth. While I am convinced that Adam and Eve, in the Garden “set eastward in Eden,” were not the first human beings on the earth, it is not my purpose in this article to “prove” that this was the case, but rather to critically consider the facts and the evidence, without argument and then leave the reader to form his own conclusions. Of course, in an article of this nature it will be impossible to consider all of the evidence, but I shall try to give enough to show that snap judgments may lead to very erroneous conclusions.